A draft is the mandatory enrollment of individuals into the armed forces. The United States military has been all-volunteer since But an act of Congress could still reinstate the draft in case of a national emergency. The Selective Service System is the agency that registers men and is responsible for running a draft. Almost all men age who are U. Citizens must register within 30 days of turning Immigrants must register within 30 days of arriving in the U.
Men in the U. The date and number are paired to establish the sequence number for each birth date. The drawings continue until all or birthdays of the year are paired with a sequence number. Almost immediately, the first induction notices are prepared and sent via the U. Postal Service to men whose birth dates drew the lowest lottery numbers, starting with sequence number 1. The number of sequence numbers called for induction processing is based on the quota for personnel given by the Department of Defense.
He could continue to go to school and be deferred from service until he was too old to be drafted. Under the current draft law, a college student can have his induction postponed only until the end of the current semester. A senior can be postponed until the end of the full academic year. The changes in the new draft law made in included the provision that membership on the boards was required to be as representative as possible of the racial and national origin of registrants in the area served by the board.
Because the boards determined who would be drafted, there were instances when personal relationships and favoritism played a part in deciding who would be drafted. If it is ever needed and implemented, a present-day draft would have similarities to that of the Vietnam War. Here's how it would work. The Selective Service System says it most likely would hold a draft lottery based on dates of birth.
The number 1 would correspond to Jan. Officials would draw numbers similar to drawing numbers for a lottery. If your birthdate is the first one drawn, you are the first to be drafted. Normally, officials have a cutoff number based on the needs of the military. For example, during the draft lottery, men born between Jan. Of the possible birthdays in those years leap years included , birth dates were called for possible induction.
That meant more than half the men born during those years were subject to being drafted. If your birthday wasn't one of the first drawn, you were lucky -- you didn't have to go. The second draft lottery, on July 1, , was for men born in For that year out of possible birthdays were conscripted. The third Vietnam draft lottery was on Aug. According to the selective service, if a draft were held today, those who are 20 years old -- or turning 20 during the year in which the numbers are drawn -- would be the first to go.
Beginning Jan. Each succeeding year, a draft eligible man drops into the next lower priority group until he has reached his 26th birthday, at which time he is over the age of liability for the draft. It's important to know that even though someone is registered and his number is called, they may not be inducted automatically into the military.
They may be eligible for a deferment; categories might include married persons, college students and family members of those killed in action.
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