But you need fluids, especially water, for good health. But alcohol and caffeine can irritate or stress the bladder and make urinary incontinence worse. Women need 91 ounces about 11 cups of fluids a day from food and drinks. After age 60, people are less likely to get enough water, putting them at risk for dehydration and conditions that make urinary incontinence worse.
If steps you can take at home do not work to improve your stress incontinence, your doctor may talk to you about other options:.
If steps you can take at home do not work to improve your urge incontinence, your doctor may suggest one or more of the following treatments:. For more information about urinary incontinence, call the OWH Helpline at or contact the following organizations:. Department of Health and Human Services. ET closed on federal holidays.
Breadcrumb Home A-Z health topics Urinary incontinence. Urinary incontinence. Urinary incontinence Urinary incontinence is the loss of bladder control. What is urinary incontinence? Urinary incontinence is the loss of bladder control, or leaking urine. Who gets urinary incontinence?
Why does urinary incontinence affect more women than men? What are the types of urinary incontinence that affect women? The two most common types of urinary incontinence in women are: Stress incontinence. This is the most common type of incontinence.
It is also the most common type of incontinence that affects younger women. Stress incontinence can happen when weak pelvic floor muscles put pressure on the bladder and urethra by making them work harder.
With stress incontinence, everyday actions that use the pelvic floor muscles, such as coughing, sneezing, or laughing, can cause you to leak urine. Sudden movements and physical activity can also cause you to leak urine. Urge incontinence. With urge incontinence, urine leakage usually happens after a strong, sudden urge to urinate and before you can get to a bathroom. Some women with urge incontinence are able to get to a bathroom in time but feel the urge to urinate more than eight times a day.
They also do not urinate much once they get to the bathroom. What are the symptoms of urinary incontinence? In addition to urinary incontinence, some women have other urinary symptoms: 4 Pressure or spasms in the pelvic area that causes a strong urge to urinate Going to the bathroom more than usual more than eight times a day or more than twice at night Urinating while sleeping bedwetting.
What causes urinary incontinence? Other causes of urinary incontinence include: Overweight. Having overweight puts pressure on the bladder, which can weaken the muscles over time. A weak bladder cannot hold as much urine.
Problems with bladder control can happen to people with long-term chronic constipation. Constipation, or straining to have a bowel movement, can put stress or pressure on the bladder and pelvic floor muscles.
This weakens the muscles and can cause urinary incontinence or leaking. Nerve damage. Damaged nerves may send signals to the bladder at the wrong time or not at all. Childbirth and health problems such as diabetes and multiple sclerosis can cause nerve damage in the bladder, urethra, or pelvic floor muscles.
This can cause urinary incontinence. Sometimes urinary incontinence lasts only for a short time and happens because of other reasons, including: Certain medicines. The incontinence often goes away when you stop taking the medicine. Drinks with caffeine can cause the bladder to fill quickly, which can cause you to leak urine. Studies suggest that women who drink more than two cups of drinks with caffeine per day may be more likely to have problems with incontinence.
Infections of the urinary tract and bladder may cause incontinence for a short time. Bladder control often returns when the infection goes away. How does pregnancy cause urinary incontinence?
How does childbirth cause urinary incontinence? How does menopause cause urinary incontinence? What type of doctor or nurse should I go to for help with urinary incontinence? How is urinary incontinence diagnosed? Your doctor or nurse will ask you about your symptoms and your medical history, including: How often you empty your bladder How and when you leak urine How much urine you leak When your symptoms started What medicines you take If you have ever been pregnant and what your labor and delivery experience was like Your doctor or nurse will do a physical exam to look for signs of health problems that can cause incontinence.
Your doctor or nurse also may do other tests such as: Urine test. After you urinate into a cup, the doctor or nurse will send your urine to a lab. At the lab, your urine will be checked for infection or other causes of incontinence.
Your doctor will use an ultrasound wand on the outside of your abdomen to take pictures of the kidneys, bladder, and urethra. Your doctor will look for anything unusual that may be causing urinary incontinence. Bladder stress test. During this test, you will cough or bear down as if pushing during childbirth as your doctor watches for loss of urine.
Your doctor inserts a thin tube with a tiny camera into your urethra and bladder to look for damaged tissue. Depending on the type of cystoscopy you need, your doctor may use medicine to numb your skin and urinary organs while you are still awake, or you may be fully sedated.
Your doctor inserts a thin tube into your bladder and fills your bladder with water. Depending on your particular bladder problem, a GP can advise you about the amount of fluids you should drink. If you have urinary incontinence, cut down on alcohol and drinks containing caffeine, such as tea, coffee and cola.
These can cause your kidneys to produce more urine and irritate your bladder. A unit of alcohol is roughly half a pint of normal strength lager or a single measure 25ml of spirits.
Find out more about alcohol units. If you have to urinate frequently during the night nocturia , try drinking less in the hours before you go to bed. However, make sure you still drink enough fluids during the day. Being pregnant and giving birth can weaken the muscles that control the flow of urine from your bladder.
If you're pregnant, strengthening your pelvic floor muscles may help prevent urinary incontinence. Find out more about exercise during pregnancy. Find out more about pelvic floor exercises. Our guide to social care and support explains your options and where you can get support.
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What is urinary incontinence? Share on Pinterest Urinary incontinence is a common problem. Risk factors. Latest news Could 'cupping' technique boost vaccine delivery? Scientists identify new cause of vascular injury in type 2 diabetes. This test measures the amount of urine left after you empty your bladder. Cystometrogram CMG.
This test measures how well your bladder can store and release urine. Electromyogram EMG. This test records the electrical activity of muscles. Other tests You may need more tests if: The first treatment for incontinence has failed. You have had previous prostate surgery, radiation therapy, or frequent urinary tract infections. A catheter cannot be easily placed into your bladder.
Treatment Overview The treatment you and your doctor choose depends on your type of urinary incontinence and how bad your symptoms are. Behavioral strategies may be enough to control your symptoms. See Home Treatment for more information. Medicines that treat infection or bladder muscle spasm may help. Self-catheterization may help you manage overflow incontinence from a weak bladder or blockage.
It may also be used if surgery is not the best option for you. When you need to drain your bladder, you insert a thin, hollow tube through your urethra into the bladder. Surgery is usually considered when it is the only treatment that can cure the incontinence, such as when the condition is caused by a bladder blockage.
What to think about Exercise is important for your physical and emotional health. Prevention You may reduce your chances of developing urinary incontinence by: Limiting caffeine and alcohol. Getting to and staying at a healthy weight. Quitting smoking.
Avoiding constipation by eating a healthy, high-fiber diet. Doing Kegel exercises to strengthen the muscles that control the flow of urine. Home Treatment You can use behavioral strategies to help control urinary incontinence. Diet and lifestyle strategies Reduce or stop drinking caffeinated and carbonated drinks, such as coffee, tea, and soda pop. Limit alcohol to no more than 1 drink a day. Eat less of any food that might irritate your bladder.
Then look for changes in your bladder habits. Such foods include citrus fruit, chocolate, tomatoes, vinegars, spicy foods, dairy products, and aspartame. If you smoke, quit.
Avoid constipation: Include fruits, vegetables, beans, and whole grains in your diet each day. These foods are high in fiber. Drink enough fluids. Don't avoid drinking fluid because you are worried about leaking urine. Get some exercise every day. It's fine to be active in blocks of 10 minutes or more throughout your day and week. Take a fiber supplement with psyllium such as Metamucil or methylcellulose such as Citrucel each day.
Read and follow all instructions on the label. Schedule time each day for a bowel movement. Having a daily routine may help.
Take your time and don't strain. If you are overweight, try to lose some weight. Be more active, and make small, healthy changes to what and how much you eat. You will notice good results over time. Try pelvic floor Kegel exercises to strengthen your pelvic muscles. Urinary habits Try one or more of these tips. They may help you gain some control over your symptoms: Set a schedule for urinating every 2 to 4 hours. Go whether or not you feel the need.
Practice "double voiding. If you have trouble reaching the bathroom before you urinate, consider making a clearer, quicker path to the bathroom. Wear clothes that are easy to take off such as those with elastic waistbands or Velcro closures.
Or keep a urinal close to your bed or chair. Medications Medicine can help with some types of urinary incontinence. Medicine choices For overflow incontinence : If incontinence is caused by an enlarged prostate, medicines to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia may be prescribed. But these medicines don't always improve incontinence. For urge incontinence : Anticholinergic and antispasmodic medicines, such as oxybutynin and tolterodine, calm the nerves that control bladder muscles and increase bladder capacity.
Alpha-blocker medicines, such as alfuzosin and tamsulosin, relax the muscles in the prostate and bladder. The antidepressant medicine duloxetine may help with bladder control.
Botox botulinum toxin may be an option when other medicines don't work. A Botox shot helps relax the bladder muscles. For stress incontinence : The antidepressant medicine duloxetine may help with bladder control. What to think about Some medicines that are used to treat incontinence may actually make it worse in men whose incontinence is caused by an enlarged prostate gland benign prostatic hyperplasia, or BPH.
Surgery Surgery may be an option for men who: Have ongoing chronic incontinence. Have severe symptoms and total incontinence. Are extremely bothered by their symptoms. Have problems with urinary retention. Have moderate to severe blood in the urine hematuria that keeps coming back.
Have urinary tract infections that keep coming back. Have a medical problem that can only be treated with surgery. One example is a bladder outlet blockage that is affecting kidney function. Surgery choices Overflow incontinence caused by an enlarged prostate benign prostatic hyperplasia, or BPH is the form of incontinence most often treated with surgery.
Surgery for severe stress incontinence that does not improve with behavioral methods includes: Artificial sphincter. A silicone rubber device is fitted around the urethra the tube that carries urine from your bladder to the outside of your body.
It can be inflated or deflated to control urination. Urethral bulking. Material is injected around the urethra. This serves to control urination by either closing a hole in the urethra or building up the thickness of the wall of the urethra. Bulbourethral sling. A sling is placed beneath the urethra.
It is attached to either muscle tissue or the pubic bone. The sling compresses and raises the urethra. This gives the urethra greater resistance to pressure from the belly. Sling surgery may be considered as a treatment for severe urinary incontinence from prostate surgery.
Sacral nerve stimulation SNS. An electrical stimulator under your skin sends pulses to the sacral nerve in your lower back. This nerve plays a role in bladder storage and emptying. What to think about Surgery works for some people and not others.
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